Excel Conditional Formatting Basics

What is excel conditional formatting ?

Conditional formatting is your way of telling excel to format all the cells that meet a criteria in a certain way. For eg. you can use conditional formatting to change the font color of all cells with negative values or change background color of cells with duplicate values.

Why use conditional formatting?

Of course, you can manually change the formats of cells that meet a criteria. But this a cumbersome and repetitive process. Especially if you have large set of values or your values change often. That is why we use conditional formatting. To automatically change formatting when a cell meets certain criteria.

Few Examples of Conditional Formatting

 Here are 3 examples of conditional formatting.

So How do I Apply Conditional Formatting?

This is very simple. First select the cells you want to format conditionally. Click on menu >
format > conditional formatting or the big conditional formatting button in Excel 2007.

(we have used excel 2003 in this tutorial, but conditional formatting is similar in excel 2007 with lots of additional features)

You will see a dialog like this:

There are 2 types of conditions:

• Cell value based conditions: These conditions are tested on the cell value itself. So if you select a bunch of cells, and mention the condition as between 15 and 25, all the cells with values between 15 and 25 are formatted as you specify.
• Formula based conditions: Sometimes you need more flexibility than a few simple conditions. That is when formulas come handy. Conditional Formatting Formulas are slightly complicated and can be difficult to learn or use if you are new to excel. But they are very useful and intuitive and if you use them once you get a hang of it.

What are the limitations of Conditional Formatting?

In earlier versions of Excel you can only define max. of 3 conditions. This is no longer true if you are using Excel 2007.
However, you can overcome the conditional formatting limitation using VBA macros (again, if you are new to excel, you may want to wait few weeks before plunging in to VBA)
Also, you can only use conditional formatting with cells and not with other objects like charts.

Ok, Enough Theory, Time for your First Conditional Formatting

Go ahead, open a new workbook and try few conditional formats yourself. See how easy and intuitive it is. Use it in your day to day work and impress your colleagues. Learn 5 impressive tricks about conditional formatting.
If you have trouble getting started, download the conditional formatting examples workbook.

Tell us how YOU use Conditional Formatting

Share with us how you use CF in your work. I am sucker for conditional formatting and use it wherever I can. What about you?